Publication: Evaluación del impacto de la inversión en investigación y desarrollo y el número de investigadores en el crecimiento económico
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Aali-Bujari, Alí
Venegas-Martínez, Francisco
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Esta investigación analiza el impacto de la inversión en Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D) y del número de investigadores en el crecimiento económico de algunas de las economías de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), para el periodo 1996-2016. Se realiza un análisis de causalidad en el sentido de Granger y se estima un modelo de datos panel. Los datos son obtenidos de Banco Mundial. Se encuentra evidencia empírica de una causalidad bidireccional entre la I+D y el PIB per cápita, pero predominantemente I+D causa PIB. También se encuentra una causalidad bidireccional entre el número de investigadores y el PIB per cápita, pero predominantemente el PIB causa el número de investigadores. Mientras que el modelo de panel dinámico MGM-sistema en una etapa muestra que el crecimiento económico es afectado positivamente por la inversión en I+D y el número de investigadores. Este trabajo se distingue de otros en los siguientes aspectos: 1) considera una muestra de 25 países de OCDE en el periodo 1996-2016; 2) tiene una mayor disponibilidad de datos, y 3) se realiza un análisis de datos panel dinámico que permite utilizar una mayor cantidad de países, variables y períodos.
This research analyzes the impact of investment in Research and Development (R&D) and the number of researchers on the economic growth of some of the economies of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), for the period 1996-2016. A causality analysis in the sense of Granger is performed and a panel data model is estimated. Data are obtained from the World Bank. There is empirical evidence of bidirectional causality between R&D and GDP per capita, but predominantly R&D Granger-causes GDP. Bidirectional causality is also found between the number of researchers and GDP per capita, but predominantly GDP Granger-causes the number of researchers. While the dynamic panel model of the MGM system in one stage shows that economic growth is positively affected by investment in R&D and the number of researchers. This work differs from others in the following aspects: 1) it considers a sample of 25 OECD countries in the period 1996-2016; 2) there is a greater availability of data, and 3) a dynamic panel data analysis is carried out that allows the use of a greater number of countries, variables and periods.
This research analyzes the impact of investment in Research and Development (R&D) and the number of researchers on the economic growth of some of the economies of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), for the period 1996-2016. A causality analysis in the sense of Granger is performed and a panel data model is estimated. Data are obtained from the World Bank. There is empirical evidence of bidirectional causality between R&D and GDP per capita, but predominantly R&D Granger-causes GDP. Bidirectional causality is also found between the number of researchers and GDP per capita, but predominantly GDP Granger-causes the number of researchers. While the dynamic panel model of the MGM system in one stage shows that economic growth is positively affected by investment in R&D and the number of researchers. This work differs from others in the following aspects: 1) it considers a sample of 25 OECD countries in the period 1996-2016; 2) there is a greater availability of data, and 3) a dynamic panel data analysis is carried out that allows the use of a greater number of countries, variables and periods.
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Revista de métodos cuantitativos para la economía y la empresa, ISSN-e 1886-516X, Vol. 35, 2023, págs. 3-15




