Publication: Pasado, presente y futuro de los ERTE como mecanismo amortiguador de la destrucción de empleo ante crisis económicas
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Ramírez Bandera, Cristina
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Los ERTE se han convertido en un exitoso mecanismo de flexibilidad interna que, durante la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19, contribuyó a evitar la destrucción de millones de puestos de trabajo. Sin embargo, el origen de los mismo data del año 1980, y, aunque durante la crisis financiera del año 2008 trataron de potenciarse, su utilización en aquel momento fue muy limitada.
Así, mediante la realización de un recorrido histórico a través de los principales cambios normativos de la figura, se pretenderá comprender por qué las medidas normativas adoptadas durante la pandemia en relación a los ERTE marcaron un antes y un después en su percepción por parte de los empresarios como una sólida alternativa frente al despido colectivo.
Finalmente, se expondrá cómo la experiencia acumulada durante la crisis sanitaria ha sido empleada durante la reforma laboral de 2021 para dotar de un nuevo marco regulatorio más flexible y moderno a esta figura, como mecanismo crucial para enfrentar futuras crisis económicas.
ERTEs have become a successful internal flexibility mechanism that, during the COVID-19 health crisis, helped prevent the destruction of millions of jobs. However, their origin dates back to 1980, and, although they were promoted during the 2008 financial crisis, their use at the time was very limited. Thus, a historical tour through the main regulatory changes of the figure will be made to try and understand why the regulatory measures adopted during the pandemic regarding ERTEs made a significant impact on their perception by businessmen as a solid alternative to collective dismissal. Finally, it will be exposed how the experience accumulated during the health crisis has been used during the 2021 labor reform to provide this figure with a new, more flexible and modern regulatory framework, as a crucial mechanism to face future economic crises
ERTEs have become a successful internal flexibility mechanism that, during the COVID-19 health crisis, helped prevent the destruction of millions of jobs. However, their origin dates back to 1980, and, although they were promoted during the 2008 financial crisis, their use at the time was very limited. Thus, a historical tour through the main regulatory changes of the figure will be made to try and understand why the regulatory measures adopted during the pandemic regarding ERTEs made a significant impact on their perception by businessmen as a solid alternative to collective dismissal. Finally, it will be exposed how the experience accumulated during the health crisis has been used during the 2021 labor reform to provide this figure with a new, more flexible and modern regulatory framework, as a crucial mechanism to face future economic crises
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Lex social: revista de los derechos sociales, ISSN-e 2174-6419, Vol. 13, Nº. 1, 2023, págs. 1-22




