Publication: La deuda de los fundadores de la Academia con Covarrubias
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Liverpool University Press
Abstract
El Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española de Covarrubias (1611) está presente en el generalmente conocido como Diccionario de autoridades (1726–1739) en forma de numerosas etimologías y elementos léxicos de uso restringido adoptados por los fundadores de la Real Academia Española, así como en calidad de autoridad idiomática, según se ha puesto de relieve en diversos estudios que se centran en el examen de los artículos en los que Covarrubias es citado explícitamente. En el presente trabajo se amplía el análisis a los demás artículos, y se demuestra que el Tesoro influyó de forma decisiva también en el elemento central de la microestructura del diccionario académico: la descripción semántica. En efecto, cerca de la mitad de las definiciones aprovechables contenidas en el Tesoro aparecen reutilizadas al menos parcialmente en Autoridades, y en algunos casos la coincidencia incluso es total. Se describe el proceso de reelaboración de las definiciones que requerían una adaptación y se diferencian distintos tipos de modificaciones introducidas. La conclusión que se extrae de todo lo observado es que la deuda de la Academia con Covarrubias es aún considerablemente mayor de lo que hasta ahora se sabía.
As is highlighted in several studies analysing the articles in which Sebastián de Covarrubias is explicitly mentioned, his Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (1611) is present in the Diccionario de autoridades (1726–1739) – as is generally known – both as a reference for idiomatic authority, and in the form of many etymologies and lexical items of limited access that were employed by the founders of the Royal Spanish Academy. This paper, however, examines the articles in which Covarrubias is not explicitly cited. It proves that the Tesoro had also a decisive influence on the academic dictionary’s key microstructural element, namely, on semantic description. As a matter of fact, almost half of the usable definitions in the Tesoro are reproduced, partially at least, in Autoridades; in some cases, there is full coincidence. The present article further describes how those definititions requiring some form of adaptation were rewritten, while it also distinguishes between different types of modifications. It ultimately argues that the Academy’s debt to Covarrubias is much greater than previously thought.
As is highlighted in several studies analysing the articles in which Sebastián de Covarrubias is explicitly mentioned, his Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española (1611) is present in the Diccionario de autoridades (1726–1739) – as is generally known – both as a reference for idiomatic authority, and in the form of many etymologies and lexical items of limited access that were employed by the founders of the Royal Spanish Academy. This paper, however, examines the articles in which Covarrubias is not explicitly cited. It proves that the Tesoro had also a decisive influence on the academic dictionary’s key microstructural element, namely, on semantic description. As a matter of fact, almost half of the usable definitions in the Tesoro are reproduced, partially at least, in Autoridades; in some cases, there is full coincidence. The present article further describes how those definititions requiring some form of adaptation were rewritten, while it also distinguishes between different types of modifications. It ultimately argues that the Academy’s debt to Covarrubias is much greater than previously thought.
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Bulletin of Hispanic Studies, 103/4, 365-385






