Ortiz, PilarOrtiz Calderón, RocíoToro Murillo, Laura CaridadSegura Pachón, DoloresChuliá, I.Catalán, J.I.Contreras, G.Maqueda, J.Del Palacio, J.Bañuls, V.A.2026-01-282026-01-282026Progress in Disaster Science Volume 29, January 2026, 10052110.1016/j.pdisas.2026.100521https://hdl.handle.net/10433/25907FENIX 4.0 (PDC 2022- 133157-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and Next Generation EU/PRTR; FENIX (PID2019-107257RB-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI//10.13039/501100011033/ FEDER "A way to build Europe"; CONECT project (Collective Networks For Everyday Commu nity Resilience And Ecological Transition, ERA-NET/ENUTC 2021, PCI2022-133014) funded by the AEI and the EU with the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan; ATLAS funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union; RESILIENT- TOURISM [PYC20 RE 034 UPO] funded by Consejería de formación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades. Junta de Andalucia (Spain); ART-RISK DIFUSION (FCT-23-19856) funded by Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology-Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Evaluation of response solutions to environmental and social risks affecting Cultural Heritage assets (2407 PPI-A1) funded by PPI-A1 2023-2026 Pablo de Olavide sity; and Integration of Satellite Resources, Geographic Information Systems, and Social Assessment to minimize the impact of Climate Change on Historic Centers (PPI2404) funded by VI PPIT 2023-2026 Pablo de Olavide University.Emergency preparedness in Cultural Heritage (CH) relies on Safeguard Plans and drills to ensure coordination among civil protection systems, security forces, and CH professionals, enabling rapid recovery of museums, archives, libraries, and temples after emergencies. This study strengthens CH resilience by proposing Art-Risk 4, a model for digitalizing Safeguard Plans via templates and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and assessing their real-world applicability. Tested in five emergency drills in Valencia, Madrid, and Antequera (Spain), simulating fire, earthquake, and flood scenarios, the platform enabled real-time implementation of response protocols and recording of response times. Observers evaluated the model using semi-structured templates, SWOT analysis, and the Technology Acceptance Model, considering training and experience. Results show Art-Risk 4's flexibility across diverse CH assets, with average rescue and triage times of 18 and 6 min. Team coordination was a key strength, while reduced capacity during technological failures was the main limitation. Findings highlight both the benefits of digital safeguarding and the need for redundant analog and digital systems.application/pdfenAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Art-risk 4Cultural heritageDisaster risk managementEmergency drillEmergency responseInformation and communication technologiesSafeguard plansjournal articleopen access