RT Journal Article
T1 Impact of private practice of public health workers on public health provision: Evidence from a natural experiment
A1 González Rodríguez, Paula
A1 Montes-Rojas, Gabriel
A1 Pal, Sarmistha
K1 Dual practice of public doctors
K1 Private practice
K1 Weak monitoring
K1 Ministry of health regulation 916
K1 IV model
K1 Indonesia
AB This paper analyzes the effects of private practice on public health provision in Indonesia among doctor heads of primary public health clinics known as puskesmas. We exploit the exogenous variation in the initiation of private practice after the 1997 Ministry of Health regulation 916 that mandated health professionals to apply for a license for private practice after at least three years of compulsory public service after graduation. Instrumental variable estimates, built around this threshold experience of 3 years after 1997 regulation, suggest that dual practitioners (relative to those only engaged in puskesmas) work significantly fewer hours per week at their public posts at the puskesmas but see significantly more public patients. These observed effects become more pronounced when the private practice is held away from the puskesmas.
PB Elsevier
YR 2025
FD 2025-02
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10433/23160
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10433/23160
LA en
NO Paula González, Gabriel Montes-Rojas, Sarmistha Pal, Impact of private practice of public health workers on public health provision: Evidence from a natural experiment, Social Science & Medicine, Volume 366, 2025, 117625, ISSN 0277-9536, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117625
NO Departamento de Economía, Métodos Cuantitativos e Historia Económica
DS RIO
RD May 8, 2026