RT Journal Article
T1 To tip or not to tip? Explaining tipping behavior in restaurants with service-inclusive pricing
A1 Fernandez, Sebastien
A1 Gössling, Stefan
A1 Martín-Ríos, Carlos
A1 Fointiat, Valerie
A1 Pasamar, Susana
A1 Isaac, Rami
A1 Lunde, Merete
K1 Tipping behaviour
K1 Service-inclusive pricing
K1 Service quality
K1 Equity Theory
K1 Social Norms
K1 Payment Method
AB Tipping behavior is a vital way for waiting staff to enhance their wages, and for managers to monitor guest satisfaction. Despite its importance, there is not yet an established consensus on reasons why people tip. Our lack of understanding about tipping behavior is exacerbated by a strong reliance on studies conducted in countries that have a system of voluntary tipping (e.g., the United States). The study aims therefore at expanding our understanding of tipping behavior beyond voluntary tipping countries and more specifically explaining tipping behavior under service-inclusive pricing. Data obtained from 1458 guests in five European countries show that income and payment method are the strongest predictors of customers’ decision to tip, whereas bill size is the most robust predictor of tip amount. Results advance knowledge by suggesting that social norm theory plays a major role to understand tipping behavior in service-inclusive pricing.
PB Elsevier
YR 2024
FD 2024
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10433/24401
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10433/24401
LA en
NO International Journal of Hospitality Management, Volume 117
NO Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Marketing
DS RIO
RD May 1, 2026