RT Journal Article T1 Synergy achieved in silver-TIO2 nanocomposites for the inhibition of biofouling on limestone. A1 Becerra, Javier A1 Zaderenko Partida, Ana Paula A1 Sayagués, María Jesús A1 Ortiz Calderón, Rocío A1 Ortiz, Pilar K1 biopatina K1 biocide K1 limestone K1 conservation and restoration K1 silver-titanium dioxide nanocomposite K1 stone biodeterioration AB Biodeterioration of stone monuments is estimated to be as high as 20¿30% of the total degradation suffered by Cultural Heritage constructions. With regard to this problem, bactericidal treatments are mainly based on cleaning. These processes, while effective in the short term, require frequent reapplications increasing potential damages to the monument. Silver nanoparticles offer many advantages over traditionally employed products, such as their prolonged biocide efficacy and their low toxicity to humans and environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of seven nanocomposite treatments based on titanium dioxide and/or silver nanoparticles to prevent biodeterioration of limestone monuments. These nanocomposites were characterized by UV¿Visible spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering and Electron Microscopy. To assess their bactericidal activity, accelerated weathering tests were performed on limestones from the quarry of Utrera, a source widely employed in such iconic monuments as the Cathedral of Seville (Spain). Furthermore, the samples of biopatina employed in our assays stemmed from the façades of historical buildings from Seville. Our results show that silver and titanium dioxide nanocomposites stabilized by citrate achieve a high biocide effect while maintaining color alterations at a low level. PB Elsevier YR 2018 FD 2018-05-11 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10433/8066 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10433/8066 LA en NO Building and Environment. Vol. 141, pp. 80-90. NO Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide NO Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla DS RIO RD May 8, 2026