RT Journal Article T1 A proposal for a composite indicator based on ratios (CIBOR) to compare the evolution of Spanish financial institutions A1 Llorent Jurado, Julián A1 Contreras Rubio, Ignacio A1 Guerrero Casas, Flor María K1 Composite indicator K1 Banking K1 Financial crisis K1 Financial stress indices AB This paper introduces a new Financial Stress Indicator (FSI) named Composite Indicator Based on Ratios (CIBOR). This paper discusses the importance of monitoring the quality of loans and capital, operational performance, profitability, and liquidity of financial institutions to prevent systemic risks in the financial system. To address this, CIBOR is proposed as a means to indirectly capture the instability of a financial entity by identifying potential tensions and their underlying causes. Specifically, we compare the results for 25 financial entities operating in the Spanish banking market, analysing the evolution since 2018 to 2022. CIBOR permits a straight interpretation of the variations between periods and a dynamic analysis that not only measures the variation between the ratios over time, but also identifies the sources of such variations: variations derived from changes in sub-indicators, changes stemming from the oscillation of the baseline, and the impact of the selection of weights in the construction of the composite indicator. PB Elsevier YR 2024 FD 2024-05-28 LK https://hdl.handle.net/10433/23375 UL https://hdl.handle.net/10433/23375 LA en NO Central Bank Review, Volume 24, Issue 3, September 2024, 100160 NO Departamento de Economía, Métodos Cuantitativos e Historia Económica. DS RIO RD May 9, 2026