RT Journal Article
T1 How do country R&D change the allocation of self-employment across different types?
A1 Burke, Andrew
A1 Lyalkov, Serhiy
A1 Millán Tapia, Ana María
A1 Millán, José María
A1 Stel, André van
K1 Types of entrepreneurship
K1 Self-employment
K1 R&D
K1 European Working Conditions Survey
AB We investigate the impact of country R&D on the allocation of self-employment across different types, where types are identified based on occupational status and start-up motive. We first conduct a literature review based on which we consider the self-employed with employees to be of higher ‘quality’ (in terms of their overall contribution to the economy) compared to independent own-account workers, who in turn may be considered of higher ‘quality’ than dependent self-employed workers. Similarly, we also consider opportunity self-employed to be of higher ‘quality’ than necessity self-employed. Our empirical analysis then shows that the level of a country’s R&D expenditures increases the share of self-employed with employees and that of opportunity self-employed (i.e. the self-employment types associated with higher ‘quality’) at the cost of the shares of dependent self-employed and necessity self-employed. Higher R&D expenditures at the country level thus increase the quality of self-employment in the country.
PB Springer
YR 2019
FD 2019-06
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10433/22162
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10433/22162
LA en
NO Burke, A., Lyalkov, S., Millán, A. et al. How do country R&D change the allocation of self-employment across different types?. Small Bus Econ 56, 695–721 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00196-z
NO Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad. Universidad Pablo de Olavide.
DS RIO
RD May 9, 2026