T1 Invited paper: A Review of Thresheld Convergence A1 Chen, Stephen A1 Montgomery, James A1 Bolufé-Röhler, Antonio A1 Gonzalez-Fernandez, Yasser K1 Exploration K1 Exploitation K1 Heuristic Algorithms K1 Optimization K1 Multi-modality AB A multi-modal search space can be defined as having multiple attraction basins ¿ each basin has a single local optimum which is reached from all points in that basin when greedy local search is used. Optimization in multi-modal search spaces can then be viewed as a two-phase process. The first phase is exploration in which the most promising attraction basin is identified. The second phase is exploitation in which the best solution (i.e. the local optimum) within the previously identified attraction basin is attained. The goal of thresheld convergence is to improve the performance of search techniques during the first phase of exploration. The effectiveness of thresheld convergence has been demonstrated through applications to existing metaheuristics such as particle swarm optimization and differential evolution, and through the development of novel metaheuristics such as minimum population search and leaders and followers. PB Universidad Pablo de Olavide SN 2255-5684 YR 2015 FD 2015 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10433/2780 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10433/2780 LA en NO GECONTEC: Revista Internacional de Gestión del Conocimiento y la Tecnología DS RIO RD May 30, 2026