RT Journal Article
T1 Effects of Different Velocity Loss Thresholds in Full Squat With and Without Blood Flow Restriction on Strength Gains, Neuromuscular Adaptations, and Muscle Hypertrophy
A1 Sánchez-Valdepeñas, Juan
A1 Asín-Izquierdo, Iván
A1 Cornejo-Daza, Pedro J.
A1 Mariscal, Gonzalo
A1 Romagnoli, Ruggero
A1 Alcazar, Julian
A1 González-Badillo, Juan José
A1 Sáez de Villarreal Sáez, Eduardo
A1 Pareja Blanco, Fernando
K1 Dose–response
K1 Strength adaptations
K1 Structural adaptations
K1 Training prescription
K1 Velocity‐based resistance training
AB This study aimed to analyze the effects of four full-squat (SQ) training programs that differed in the blood flow condition [free flow (FF) versus restricted (BFR)] and in the velocity loss (VL) induced within the set (20% vs. 40%) on strength gains and muscle hypertrophy. Fifty-two strength-trained men followed an 8-week (16 sessions) SQ training program from 55% to 70% 1-repetition maximum (1RM) (FF20: n = 14; BFR20: n = 13; FF40: n = 12; BFR40: n = 13). The number of sets n = 13 per session and the inter-set recovery periods (2 min) were matched between groups. A 50% arterial occlusion pressure was applied and maintained during the inter-set recovery for BFR groups. The following tests were carried out before and after the training intervention: (1) cross-sectional area of the vastus lateralis (ACSA); (2) countermovement jump; (3) progressive loading SQ test; and (4) fatigue SQ test. No significant BFR × VL × time interactions were observed. For 1RM and strength-derived outcomes from the progressive loading test, significant VL × time interactions (p = 0.01-0.05) in favor of 20% VL groups were found. Regarding jump performance, a significant VL × time interaction (p = 0.02) also favored the 20% VL groups. A BFR × time interaction (p = 0.02) was observed in favor of the BFR condition for ACSA. Prescribing a certain level of effort through VL results in similar jump and strength performance improvements, regardless of blood flow condition, with optimal gains achieved at a moderate VL threshold (20%). Additionally, the BFR condition maximized muscle hypertrophy compared to FF, making it a valuable strategy for muscle growth.
PB John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
YR 2025
FD 2025-06
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10433/26326
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10433/26326
LA en
NO Sánchez-Valdepeñas, J., Asín-Izquierdo, I., Cornejo-Daza, P. J., Mariscal, G., Romagnoli, R., Alcazar, J., González-Badillo, J. J., Saez de Villarreal, E., & Pareja-Blanco, F. (2025). Effects of Different Velocity Loss Thresholds in Full Squat With and Without Blood Flow Restriction on Strength Gains, Neuromuscular Adaptations, and Muscle Hypertrophy. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 35(6), e70090. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70090
NO Departamento de Deporte e Informática
DS RIO
RD May 22, 2026