RT Journal Article
T1 Taurine supplementation modulates glucose homeostasis and islet function.
A1 Carneiro, Everardo M.
A1 Latorraca, Marcia Q.
A1 Araujo, Eliana
A1 Beltrá, Marta
A1 Oliveras-López, María-Jesús
A1 Navarro, Mónica
A1 Berná, Genoveva
A1 Bedoya, Francisco J.
A1 Velloso, Licio A.
A1 Soria, Bernat
A1 Martín, Franz
K1 Diabetes
K1 Insulin sensitivity
K1 Blood glucose homeostasis
K1 Amino acids
AB Taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid for human that is involved in the control of glucose homeostasis; however, the mechanisms by which the amino acid affects blood glucose levels are unknown. Using an animal model, we have studied these mechanisms. Mice were supplemented with taurine for 30 d. Blood glucose homeostasis was assessed by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT). Islet cell function was determined by insulin secretion, cytosolic Ca2+ measurements and glucose metabolism from isolated islets. Islet cell gene expression and translocation was examined via immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Insulin signaling was studied by Western blot. Islets from taurine-supplemented mice had: (i) significantly higher insulin content, (ii) increased insulin secretion at stimulatory glucose concentrations, (iii) significantly displaced the dose-response curve for glucose-induced insulin release to the left, (iv) increased glucose metabolism at 5·6 and 11·1-mmol/L concentrations; (v) slowed cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) oscillations in response to stimulatory glucose concentrations; (vi) increased insulin, sulfonylurea receptor-1, glucokinase, Glut-2, proconvertase and pancreas duodenum homeobox-1 (PDX-1) gene expression and (vii) increased PDX-1 expression in the nucleus. Moreover, taurine supplementation significantly increased both basal and insulin stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor in skeletal muscle and liver tissues. Finally, taurine supplemented mice showed an improved IPGTT. These results indicate that taurine controls glucose homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In addition, taurine enhances peripheral insulin sensitivity.
PB Elsevier
YR 2008
FD 2008-05-07
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10433/24924
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10433/24924
LA en
NO The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry Volume 20, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 503-511
NO Department of Physiology and Biophysic, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-862 Brasil
NO Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, University of Mato Groso, Cuiabá, 78060-900 Brasil
NO Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, Brasil
NO Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, 03202 Spain
NO Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
NO Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University Pablo Olavide, CIBERDEM, 41092 Seville, Spain
DS RIO
RD May 7, 2026