Informalidad laboral y brecha salarial entre trabajadores formales e informales en la Zona Central del Perú
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Arroyo Yupanqui, Marco Antonio
Ccencho Pari, Germán
Pérez Ticse, Juan Carlos
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
El objetivo de estudio es analizar las brechas salariales entre los trabajadores formales e informales en la Zona Central del Perú, ya que existe una alta presencia de la informalidad en aproximadamente más de 75.0 % de la población económicamente activa, esto es; tres de cada cuatro personas son informales en el Perú a pesar de las facilidades otorgadas por el estado para las formalizaciones. En relación a lo planteado el objetivo fue Analizar las divergencias de las brechas salariales entre los trabajadores formales e informales en la zona central del Perú para lo cual se empleó los datos de las Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO) y una metodología establecida por Heckman, Mincer y Oaxaca. Los resultados permiten describir, la falta de instrucción representa aproximadamente el 30.9% de las diferencias salariales entre asalariados formales e informales. Tener primaria incompleta aumenta los ingresos en alrededor del 42.0% para los formales y 52.9% para los informales en comparación con aquellos con instrucción completa, dado la mayoría de los trabajados tienes niveles de educación primaria y secundaria en los datos obtenidos. En el modelo Oaxaca, la falta de instrucción contribuye aproximadamente al 23.3% de las diferencias salariales entre formales e informales.
The objective of the study is to analyze the wage gaps between formal and informal workers in the Central Zone of Peru, since there is a high presence of informality in approximately more than 75.0 % of the economically activepopulation, that is, three out of four people are informal in Peru in spite of the facilities granted by the state for formalizations. In relation to the above, the objective was to analyze the divergences in the wage gaps between formal and informal workers in the central zone of Peru using data from the National Household Survey (ENAHO) and a methodology established by Heckman, Mincer and Oaxaca. The results show that lack of education accounts for approximately 30.9% of the wage differences between formal and informal wage earners. Having incomplete primary education increases earnings by about 42.0% for formal and 52.9% for informal workers compared to those with complete education, given the majority of workers have primary and secondary education levels in the data obtained. In the Oaxaca model, lack of education contributes to approximately 23.3% of the wage differential between formal and informal workers.
The objective of the study is to analyze the wage gaps between formal and informal workers in the Central Zone of Peru, since there is a high presence of informality in approximately more than 75.0 % of the economically activepopulation, that is, three out of four people are informal in Peru in spite of the facilities granted by the state for formalizations. In relation to the above, the objective was to analyze the divergences in the wage gaps between formal and informal workers in the central zone of Peru using data from the National Household Survey (ENAHO) and a methodology established by Heckman, Mincer and Oaxaca. The results show that lack of education accounts for approximately 30.9% of the wage differences between formal and informal wage earners. Having incomplete primary education increases earnings by about 42.0% for formal and 52.9% for informal workers compared to those with complete education, given the majority of workers have primary and secondary education levels in the data obtained. In the Oaxaca model, lack of education contributes to approximately 23.3% of the wage differential between formal and informal workers.
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Revista de métodos cuantitativos para la economía y la empresa, ISSN-e 1886-516X, Vol. 38, 2024, págs. 1-17




