El concepto de hombre divino en las tradiciones judeocristiana y grecolatina: Jesucristo y Apolonio de Tiana
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Palacio Savona, Lucía
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
El concepto de theios aner u «hombre divino» es una clasificación contemporánea que, en términos generales, engloba a aquellas figuras en las que la línea entre lo divino y lo humano no está totalmente definida, aunque podemos encontrar una gran diversidad de ejemplos que distan mucho entre sí. Existe un acuerdo generalizado en que el hombre divino por antonomasia es Apolonio de Tiana, un filósofo neopitagórico que vivió durante el siglo I d.C., al que se le atribuyeron múltiples milagros y cualidades sobrenaturales. Jesucristo, por otra parte, encarna el prototipo de hombre divino en la tradición judeocristiana. Las figuras de Jesucristo y Apolonio de Tiana han sido a menudo comparadas, especialmente en el contexto de la lucha entre paganismo y cristianismo primitivo. En este artículo, repasamos las diferencias y similitudes entre Apolonio y Jesucristo como máximos exponentes del concepto de hombre divino en las tradiciones grecolatina y judeocristiana, respectivamente; y analizamos la adecuación de dicha comparación, tanto en el contexto del enfrentamiento religioso como fuera de él. Para ello, empleamos como base dos textos: la Vida de Apolonio de Tiana, de Filóstrato; y el Evangelio de Marcos.
The concept of theios aner or “divine man” is a contemporary category that, in general terms, includes individuals in whom the line that separates the human and the divine is not totally defined. However, there is a wide variety of examples that differ greatly from each other. It is generally acknowledged that the quintessential divine man is Apollonius of Tyana, a Neopythagorian philosopher who lived in the 1st century AD, to whom many miracles and supernatural abilities were attributed. On the other hand, Jesus Christ embodies the prototype of the Judaeo-Christian divine man. Both figures have often been compared, particularly during the conflict between Paganism and early Christianity. In this article, we will examine the differences and similarities between Apollonius and Jesus Christ as the greatest exponents of the concept of the divine man in Greco-Latin and Judaeo-Christian traditions, respectively. Also, we will analyze the adequacy of said comparison, both in the context of the religious confrontation and beyond. For this purpose, we will use two texts as a basis: the Life of Apollonius of Tyana by Philostratus and the Gospel of Mark.
The concept of theios aner or “divine man” is a contemporary category that, in general terms, includes individuals in whom the line that separates the human and the divine is not totally defined. However, there is a wide variety of examples that differ greatly from each other. It is generally acknowledged that the quintessential divine man is Apollonius of Tyana, a Neopythagorian philosopher who lived in the 1st century AD, to whom many miracles and supernatural abilities were attributed. On the other hand, Jesus Christ embodies the prototype of the Judaeo-Christian divine man. Both figures have often been compared, particularly during the conflict between Paganism and early Christianity. In this article, we will examine the differences and similarities between Apollonius and Jesus Christ as the greatest exponents of the concept of the divine man in Greco-Latin and Judaeo-Christian traditions, respectively. Also, we will analyze the adequacy of said comparison, both in the context of the religious confrontation and beyond. For this purpose, we will use two texts as a basis: the Life of Apollonius of Tyana by Philostratus and the Gospel of Mark.
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Revista Itálica: revista para la difusión de jóvenes investigadores del Mundo Antiguo, ISSN-e 2444-6777, Nº. 5, 2023




