La epidemia de cólera en la campiña sevillana a mediados del siglo XIX: mortalidad ordinaria y extraordinaria en Marchena, 1854-1856
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Alcaide Aguilar, Gonzalo
López Tenorio, Cristina
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo introducir al lector en la historia de Marchena, su pasado y las enfermedades que amenazaban a la sociedad en épocas donde había muchas dificultades y pocos recursos.
Hemos investigado la mortalidad en Marchena en los años 1854, 1855 y 1856, centrándonos en las provocadas por laenfermedad del cólera. Hemos elaborado gráficos estadísticos con los datos extraídos del Archivo Municipal de Marchena, que nos han llevado a comprobar la repercusión y las consecuencias de esta terrible enfermedad.
Siguiendo el contenido y el orden de las fichas del registro de los archivos municipales de la localidad se han recogido hasta dieciséis datos de cada fallecido. Con el estudio de los mismos, se va a intentar demostrar que la enfermedad del cólera tenía una mayor tasa de mortalidad en los municipios más pobres, lo que se explica porque la higiene era pésima y la calidad de los alimentos escasa, así como el control sanitario.
Como ha ocurrido hoy en día, los municipios más desfavorecidos tienen una mayor tasa de mortalidad, pues no hay un mismo acceso igualitario a la atención como es el Covid-19, a raíz de problemas económicos.
The present work aims to introduce the reader to the history of Marchena, its past and the diseases that threatened the society in times when there were many difficulties and few resources. We have investigated the mortality in Marchena in the years 1854, 1855 and 1856, focusing on those caused by the cholera disease. We have elaborated statistical graphs with the data extracted from the Municipal Archive of Marchena, which have led us to verify the repercussion and the consequences of this terrible disease. Following the content and order of the record cards of the municipal archives of the locality, we have collected up to sixteen data of each deceased person. With the study of these data, we will try to demonstrate that the cholera disease had a higher mortality rate in the poorest municipalities, which can be explained by the fact that hygiene was very bad and the quality of the food was poor, as well as the sanitary control. As has happened today, the most disadvantaged municipalities have a higher mortality rate, because there is not the same equal access to health care, as is Covid-19, as a result of economic problems.
The present work aims to introduce the reader to the history of Marchena, its past and the diseases that threatened the society in times when there were many difficulties and few resources. We have investigated the mortality in Marchena in the years 1854, 1855 and 1856, focusing on those caused by the cholera disease. We have elaborated statistical graphs with the data extracted from the Municipal Archive of Marchena, which have led us to verify the repercussion and the consequences of this terrible disease. Following the content and order of the record cards of the municipal archives of the locality, we have collected up to sixteen data of each deceased person. With the study of these data, we will try to demonstrate that the cholera disease had a higher mortality rate in the poorest municipalities, which can be explained by the fact that hygiene was very bad and the quality of the food was poor, as well as the sanitary control. As has happened today, the most disadvantaged municipalities have a higher mortality rate, because there is not the same equal access to health care, as is Covid-19, as a result of economic problems.
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Revista Itálica: revista para la difusión de jóvenes investigadores del Mundo Antiguo, ISSN-e 2444-6777, Nº. 5, 2023




