Publication: Análisis empírico de correlación entre el indicador de estructura de capital y el indicador de margen de utilidad neta en pequeñas y medianas empresas
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Barrera Lievano, Jhony Alexander
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
La presente investigación aborda los resultados financieros del año 2017 de 1.900 empresas de una ciudad capital de América Latina, con los que se calculan los indicadores financieros de estructura de capital y margen de utilidad neta. Se plantea como objetivo central determinar si existe o no una correlación inversa y significativa, entre el indicador financiero de estructura de capital y el resultado del indicador financiero de margen de utilidad neta para las empresas, según la actividad económica que desarrollen, a través del cálculo del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Se aplica una metodología cuantitativa, de tipo explicativa, que procura identificar patrones en los resultados financieros analizados que den luz de la existencia de una estructura de capital general óptima (relación entre el pasivo y el patrimonio). Como conclusión general, con los datos analizados, se evidencia que existe una correlación inversa pero no significativa entre los indicadores. Se propone como futuro tema de investigación ahondar en la misma temática con base al tamaño de empresa, según ventas netas registradas en un periodo determinado
The present investigation addresses the financial results of the year 2017 of 1.900 companies of a capital city from Latin America, with which the financial indicators of capital structure and net profit margin are calculated. The central objective is to determine whether or not there is an inverse and significant correlation between the financial indicator of capital structure and the result of the financial indicator of net profit margin for companies, according to economic activity that they develop, through the calculation of the Pearson's correlation coefficient. A quantitative methodology, of an explanatory type, is applied that seeks to identify patterns in the analyzed financial results that give light of the existence of an optimal general capital structure (relationship between the liability and equity). As a general conclusion, with the analyzed data, it is evidenced that there is an inverse but not significant correlation between the indicators. It is proposed as a future research topic to delve into the same theme based on the size of the company, according to net sales recorded in a given period.
The present investigation addresses the financial results of the year 2017 of 1.900 companies of a capital city from Latin America, with which the financial indicators of capital structure and net profit margin are calculated. The central objective is to determine whether or not there is an inverse and significant correlation between the financial indicator of capital structure and the result of the financial indicator of net profit margin for companies, according to economic activity that they develop, through the calculation of the Pearson's correlation coefficient. A quantitative methodology, of an explanatory type, is applied that seeks to identify patterns in the analyzed financial results that give light of the existence of an optimal general capital structure (relationship between the liability and equity). As a general conclusion, with the analyzed data, it is evidenced that there is an inverse but not significant correlation between the indicators. It is proposed as a future research topic to delve into the same theme based on the size of the company, according to net sales recorded in a given period.
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Revista de métodos cuantitativos para la economía y la empresa, ISSN-e 1886-516X, Vol. 33, 2022, págs. 116-133




