Preventive Conservation and Restoration Monitoring of Heritage Buildings Based on Fuzzy Logic

Abstract

This article discusses the usability of the Art-Risk 3.0 software for research on the conservation of heritage buildings. It is a new and free software based on fuzzy logic, which enables the assessment of preventive conservation and surveillance of the restoration of heritage buildings over a period of time. This artificial intelligence-based tool considers the vulnerability of buildings, their environments, and their management to evaluate the necessity of their restoration or preventive conservation. To validate the Art-Risk 3.0, 500 theoretical case studies were analyzed, and a 14th-century Mudejar-Gothic-style Church in Seville, Spain was studied both before and after its restoration to identify post-restoration changes. This proof of concept demonstrates the capability of the Art-Risk 3.0 software to analyze environmental impacts on the vulnerability, risk, and functional service life of buildings, and assess the effectiveness of restoration activities. Additionally, this software identifies the most problematic factors and the necessity of restoration.