Publication: La ilusión del seviche prehispánico y su origen en el Perú del siglo XIX
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Gayoso-Rullier, Henry
Caballero Liñán, Erika Claudia
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Este artículo examina los orígenes históricos del seviche peruano, contextualizándolo dentro de la tradición global del consumo de pescado crudo. A través de la revisión de fuentes arqueológicas y escritas, se argumenta que, aunque el consumo de pescado crudo fue una práctica común en los Andes prehispánicos y persistió durante el Virreinato, no existen evidencias documentales que vinculen directamente estas prácticas con la preparación específica del seviche. Las primeras referencias escritas al seviche aparecen recién en el siglo XIX, coincidiendo con el proceso de consolidación de una identidad nacional peruana en el contexto republicano temprano. Se analizan ingredientes, formas de preparación y espacios de consumo, revelando un plato mestizo en constante transformación. Finalmente, se plantea que el seviche es una creación culinaria peruana del siglo XIX, cuya inscripción como símbolo patrimonial refleja tanto su historia como los procesos sociopolíticos que lo convirtieron en emblema nacional.
This paper examines the historical origins of Peruvian seviche, contextualizing it within the global tradition of raw fish consumption. Through a review of archaeological and written sources, it is argued that, although the consumption of raw fish was a common practice in the pre-Hispanic Andes and persisted during the Viceroyalty, there is no documentary evidence directly linking these practices to the specific preparation of seviche. The first written references to seviche appear only in the 19th century,coinciding with the consolidation of a Peruvian national identity in the early Republican period. Ingredients, preparation methods, and spaces of consumption are analyzed, revealing a mestizo dish in constant transformation. Finally, it is proposed that seviche is a 19th-century Peruvian culinary creation, whose inscription as a heritage symbol reflects both its history and the sociopolitical processes that turned it into a national emblem.
This paper examines the historical origins of Peruvian seviche, contextualizing it within the global tradition of raw fish consumption. Through a review of archaeological and written sources, it is argued that, although the consumption of raw fish was a common practice in the pre-Hispanic Andes and persisted during the Viceroyalty, there is no documentary evidence directly linking these practices to the specific preparation of seviche. The first written references to seviche appear only in the 19th century,coinciding with the consolidation of a Peruvian national identity in the early Republican period. Ingredients, preparation methods, and spaces of consumption are analyzed, revealing a mestizo dish in constant transformation. Finally, it is proposed that seviche is a 19th-century Peruvian culinary creation, whose inscription as a heritage symbol reflects both its history and the sociopolitical processes that turned it into a national emblem.
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Americanía: revista de estudios latinoamericanos de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla, ISSN-e 2174-0178, Nº. 23, 2026, págs. 1-37




