Publication: La igualdad efectiva entre mujeres y hombres: un estudio de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados de 2008
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Abstract
Este artículo analiza el impacto directo e indirecto de la cuota de género, introducida por la Ley Orgánica 3/2007, sobre la representación política de las mujeres en las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados de 2008. Examinamos la forma en que esta medida legal opera en conjunción con el sistema electoral y de partidos. El estudio revela que la efectividad de la cuota de género para asegurar una representación adecuada de ambos sexos en el Congreso queda mermada por el sistema electoral empleado, básicamente por la recudida magnitud de la mayoría de circunscripciones. Los resultados sugieren que la presencia de las mujeres en el Congreso queda, con la nueva regulación, condicionada a la voluntad de los partidos. Aunque tras las convocatorias de 2008, 127 mujeres ocuparon un escaño en el Congreso (una más que en 2004), este número puede descender en próximas consultas, en la medida que cambie la composición política mayoritaria de la cámara.
This article analyses the direct and indirect impact of the gender quota, which was introduced by Law 3/2007, on women representation in the 2008 election to the Spanish Lower House. It examines how this legal quota operates in conjunction with electoral rules and the party system in legislative elections. Our results show that the electoral system (mainly, the small magnitude of small districts) reduces the effectiveness of the legal principle in order to guarantee an adequate representation of both sexes in the Spanish Congress. Our results suggest that women representation in the Lower Houses depends, as before 2007, on party voluntary compliance. In 2008, 127 women were seated in Congress (one more than in 2004), but this number may decrease in subsequent elections, if the major political composition of the chamber changes.
This article analyses the direct and indirect impact of the gender quota, which was introduced by Law 3/2007, on women representation in the 2008 election to the Spanish Lower House. It examines how this legal quota operates in conjunction with electoral rules and the party system in legislative elections. Our results show that the electoral system (mainly, the small magnitude of small districts) reduces the effectiveness of the legal principle in order to guarantee an adequate representation of both sexes in the Spanish Congress. Our results suggest that women representation in the Lower Houses depends, as before 2007, on party voluntary compliance. In 2008, 127 women were seated in Congress (one more than in 2004), but this number may decrease in subsequent elections, if the major political composition of the chamber changes.
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Ortega, Carmen; Javier Torres-Vela y José Manuel Trujillo (2011): «La igualdad efectiva entre mujeres y hombres: un estudio de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados de 2008», Psicología Política, 42: 117-139.






