La velocidad de ejecución como variable para el control y la dosificación del entrenamiento y como factor determinante de las adaptaciones producidas por el entrenamiento de fuerza

Abstract

This thesis encompassed three consecutive studies that built upon each other¿s findings and were aimed at investigating the role played by movement velocity as a variable for prescribing and monitoring resistance exercises, and as a critical variable for determining the adaptations to resistance training (RT). In the first study (Study I), we analyzed (1) the pattern of repetition velocity decline during a single set to muscle failure in the bench press (BP) and full squat (SQ) exercises against different submaximal loads; (2) the reliability of the percentage of performed repetitions with respect to the maximum number that can be completed for different magnitudes of velocity loss within a set to failure; and (3) the estimated degree of fatigue and its recovery after a single set to muscle failure through isometric and dynamic activations. In the second study (Study II), we examined the acute mechanical and physiological responses to 16 resistance exercises protocols performed with different level of effort in both the SQ and BP exercises. Finally, in the third study (Study III), we compared the effects of RT programs with different magnitudes of repetition velocity loss allowed in each set (10%, 30% and 45% in the SQ exercises, and 15%, 40% and 55% in the BP exercise) and different relative intensities (55-70% 1RM and 70-85% 1RM) on functional, neural and hormonal adaptations.