Publication: Cuerpos en Diferencia: Exploraciones de las Representaciones Sociales del Atleta Migrante “Negro” en el Deporte Chileno.
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Michelow Álvarez, Aaron
Sossa Rojas, Alexis
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Este estudio exploratorio investiga las representaciones sociales del atleta migrante "negro" en deporte chileno, analizando su construcción en narrativas culturales y mediáticas. Se utilizaron dos fuentes de información: entrevistas a diez entrenadores profesionales de atletismo en 2022; y una revisión de prensa nacional sobre deporte y migración en dos períodos: 2016 – 2019 y abril 2023–febrero 2024, en el contexto de los Juegos Panamericanos de Santiago de Chile), analizando la cobertura mediática de atletas. La triangulación de estas fuentes revela una compleja intersección entre nacionalidad, “raza” y migración, destacando representaciones tanto del cuerpo como de la nacionalidad de los atletas migrantes afrodescendientes en el ámbito deportivo en Chile. Por un lado, se sostiene que “vienen a mejorar la raza” debido a atributos corporales “naturales” para el deporte; por otro, emergen discursos acerca de su país de origen: un tipo de discurso los describe como carentes de disciplina por su “cultura tropical”; y otro los asocia con esfuerzo, sacrificio y resistencia al sufrimiento debido a su trayectoria migratoria. Este trabajo busca contribuir a una comprensión más profunda de cómo se representan a los atletas migrantes en un contexto que frecuentemente los categoriza como "otros", perpetuando así una ciudadanía liminal y precaria.
This exploratory study investigates the social representations of the “Black” migrant athlete in Chilean sports, analyzing how these are constructed in cultural and media narratives. Two sources of information were used: interviews conducted in 2022 with ten professional athletic coaches, and a review of national media coverage on sports and migration during two periods: 2016 - 2019 and April 2023 - February 2024, in the context of the Santiago 2023 Panamerican Games. The triangulation of these sources reveals a complex intersection between nationality, “race,” and migration, highlighting representations of both, the bodies and national identities of Afro-descendant migrant athletes in Chilean sports. On one hand, it is claimed that they “improve the race” due to “natural” physical attributes suited for sports; on the other, discourses about their countries of origin emerge: one portrays them as lacking discipline due to a “tropical culture,” while another associates them with effort, sacrifice, and endurance shaped by their migratory experiences. This study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of how migrant athletes are represented in a context that often categorizes them as “others,” thereby perpetuating a liminal and precarious form of citizenship.
This exploratory study investigates the social representations of the “Black” migrant athlete in Chilean sports, analyzing how these are constructed in cultural and media narratives. Two sources of information were used: interviews conducted in 2022 with ten professional athletic coaches, and a review of national media coverage on sports and migration during two periods: 2016 - 2019 and April 2023 - February 2024, in the context of the Santiago 2023 Panamerican Games. The triangulation of these sources reveals a complex intersection between nationality, “race,” and migration, highlighting representations of both, the bodies and national identities of Afro-descendant migrant athletes in Chilean sports. On one hand, it is claimed that they “improve the race” due to “natural” physical attributes suited for sports; on the other, discourses about their countries of origin emerge: one portrays them as lacking discipline due to a “tropical culture,” while another associates them with effort, sacrifice, and endurance shaped by their migratory experiences. This study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of how migrant athletes are represented in a context that often categorizes them as “others,” thereby perpetuating a liminal and precarious form of citizenship.
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Sociología del deporte, ISSN-e 2695-883X, Vol. 6, Nº. 2, 2025.




