Publication: La ejecución de sentencias penales en el ámbito Militar español y su adaptación al artículo 80 del Código Penal
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Hernández Sánchez, Francisco E.
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
El presente trabajo aborda el acercamiento de las medidas alternativas y sustitutivas de las penas privativas de libertad del Código Penal a la ejecución de sentencias penales en el ámbito militar, particularmente la suspensión de la ejecución de la pena de su art. 80, medidas que tradicionalmente no eran aplicables a los penados por el Código Penal Militar, cumpliéndose ineludiblemente las penas impuestas, aunque fueran de corta duración, en su mayoría de tres meses y un día o menores de un año. La obligación de cumplimiento de esas penas de corta duración se veía como una mayor protección de la disciplina y de los deberes específicos de los miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas y de la Guardia Civil (ahora sólo restringido al ejercicio de sus funciones militares), no obstante a lo cual, se cuestionaba por algún sector social y doctrinal su compatibilidad con el principio constitucional de humanidad de las penas y orientación a la reinserción, generando finalmente este cambio normativo que consideramos más acorde a nuestro actual Estado de Derecho.
This paper addresses the adoption of alternative and substitution measures for custodial sentences under the Penal Code to the enforcement of criminal sentences in the military sphere, particularly the suspension of the sentence under Article 80. These measures were traditionally not applicable to those convicted under the Military Penal Code, requiring the imposition of sentences, even if they were short, mostly three months and one day or less than a year. The obligation to serve these short sentences was seen as greater protection of the discipline and specific duties of members of the Armed Forces and the Civil Guard (now restricted to the exercise of their military functions). However, some social and doctrinal sectors questioned their compatibility with the constitutional principle of the humaneness of sentences and their orientation toward reintegration, ultimately generating this regulatory change that we consider more in line with our current rule of law.
This paper addresses the adoption of alternative and substitution measures for custodial sentences under the Penal Code to the enforcement of criminal sentences in the military sphere, particularly the suspension of the sentence under Article 80. These measures were traditionally not applicable to those convicted under the Military Penal Code, requiring the imposition of sentences, even if they were short, mostly three months and one day or less than a year. The obligation to serve these short sentences was seen as greater protection of the discipline and specific duties of members of the Armed Forces and the Civil Guard (now restricted to the exercise of their military functions). However, some social and doctrinal sectors questioned their compatibility with the constitutional principle of the humaneness of sentences and their orientation toward reintegration, ultimately generating this regulatory change that we consider more in line with our current rule of law.
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Cuadernos de RES PUBLICA en derecho y criminología, ISSN-e 2990-0697, Nº. 6, 2025, págs. 1-14




