Publication: La actividad física en adolescentes no muestra relación con el consumo máximo de oxígeno
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Federación Española de Medicina del Deporte (FEMEDE)
Abstract
Introducción y objetivos: La capacidad aeróbica es un potente factor de riesgo cardiovascular e indicador de salud. La actividad física es también reconocida como un importante componente del estilo de vida saludable. Sin embargo, la relación entre capacidad aeróbica y actividad física no está muy clara en adolescentes. Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar la asociación entre el VO2max como medida objetiva de la capacidad aeróbica y la actividad física, medida con el International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), en adolescentes.
Método: En el estudio participaron un total de 155 adolescentes (79 chicos y 76 chicas) de 15-18 años de edad. El VO2max fue medido de manera directa a través de un analizador de gases portátil (K4b2, Cosmed) durante la realización del 20 Meter Shuttle Run test. El grado de actividad física y el gasto energético se estimaron mediante el IPAQ en su versión corta autoadministrada.
Resultados: Los chicos mostraron una mayor capacidad aeróbica y nivel de actividad física con respecto a las chicas (p≤0.001). No se encontraron relaciones significativas entre el gasto energético estimado (MET) y las variables de capacidad aeróbica, tanto en chicos como en chicas.
Conclusiones: El nivel de actividad física medido a través del IPAQ no se relaciona consistentemente con la capacidad aeróbica (VO2max), por lo que recomendamos la utilización de otros métodos de medida más objetivos, fiables y factibles de ser utilizados en el ámbito educativo y sanitario. En base a los resultados que muestran una baja capacidad aeróbica de los adolescentes estudiados, coincidimos con la tendencia actual de demandar el desarrollo de programas específicos para mejorar la capacidad aeróbica de la población, con objeto de prevenir enfermedades cardiovasculares en la edad adulta.
Introduction and objectives: Aerobic capacity is a potent factor of cardiovascular risk and health index. Physical activity is recognized also as an important component of healthy way of life. Nevertheless, the relation between aerobic capacity and physical activity is not very clear in adolescents. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between VO2max, as objective measure of the aerobic capacity, and the physical activity measured by means of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), in adolescents. Method: A total of 155 adolescents of 15-18 years-old (79 boys and 76 girls) participated in the study. VO2max was objectively assessed using a portable gas analyzer (K4b2, Cosmed) during the 20 m Shuttle Run Test. Physical activity level and energy expenditure were estimated using the short IPAQ form. Results: Boys showed significantly bigger aerobic capacity and physical activity level than girls (p≤0.001). No relationships were found between energy expenditure measured by the IPAQ and variables of aerobic capacity in any gender. Conclusions: Physical activity level assessment by means of IPAQ (short auto-administered version) is not very reliable as predictive factor of aerobic capacity (VO2max ) in adolescents. Therefore it is recommended to use other more objective measure methods, reliable and feasible that can be used in the educational and sanitary area. Finally, on the basis of the results that show a low aerobic capacity of the studied adolescents, we coincide with the current trend of demanding the development of specific programs to improve the aerobic capacity of the population, in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases in adult age.
Introduction and objectives: Aerobic capacity is a potent factor of cardiovascular risk and health index. Physical activity is recognized also as an important component of healthy way of life. Nevertheless, the relation between aerobic capacity and physical activity is not very clear in adolescents. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between VO2max, as objective measure of the aerobic capacity, and the physical activity measured by means of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), in adolescents. Method: A total of 155 adolescents of 15-18 years-old (79 boys and 76 girls) participated in the study. VO2max was objectively assessed using a portable gas analyzer (K4b2, Cosmed) during the 20 m Shuttle Run Test. Physical activity level and energy expenditure were estimated using the short IPAQ form. Results: Boys showed significantly bigger aerobic capacity and physical activity level than girls (p≤0.001). No relationships were found between energy expenditure measured by the IPAQ and variables of aerobic capacity in any gender. Conclusions: Physical activity level assessment by means of IPAQ (short auto-administered version) is not very reliable as predictive factor of aerobic capacity (VO2max ) in adolescents. Therefore it is recommended to use other more objective measure methods, reliable and feasible that can be used in the educational and sanitary area. Finally, on the basis of the results that show a low aerobic capacity of the studied adolescents, we coincide with the current trend of demanding the development of specific programs to improve the aerobic capacity of the population, in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases in adult age.
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Ramírez-Lechuga, J., Femia, P., Sánchez-Muñoz, C., & Zabala, M. (2011). La actividad física en adolescentes no muestra relación con el consumo máximo de oxígeno. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, 142, 103-112.






