Publication: Pueblos, estancias y ganado. Cambios y conflictos por los nuevos usos y formas de tenencia de la tierra. Valle de Oaxaca, siglo XVI
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Cruz López , Beatriz
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Este artículo muestra cómo la cría de ganado europeo se abrió paso en el Valle de Oaxaca y cuáles fueron los conflictos tempranos que esta nueva actividad productiva generó, tanto por los daños que ocasionaban los animales, como por las nuevas formas de legitimar la tenencia de la tierra. El análisis de litigios, juicios, cartas de compraventa, mercedes y otras fuentes tempranas muestra algunos mecanismos usados por los españoles para apropiarse de tierras. También las estrategias de la población nativa para salvaguardar sus personas y bienes, defender sus tierras, e incluso cuestionar los argumentos usados para legalizar el nuevo régimen de propiedad que buscaba implantarse, como el de los baldíos o tierras realengas. Algunas alianzas temporales entre pueblos y facciones de colonizadores lograron amortiguar algunos efectos no deseados que la ganadería trajo. Aunque efímeras, estas victorias permitieron que los pueblos se adaptaran y posteriormente incursionaran en esta actividad económica.
This article shows how European cattle breeding made its way into the Valley of Oaxaca and the early conflicts this new productive activity triggered, both because of the damage caused by the animals and the new ways of legitimizing land tenure. By analyzing trials, lawsuits, letters of sale, royal grants, and other early sources, it shows some of the mechanisms Spaniards used to appropriate land. It also shows the native population's strategies to safeguard their persons and goods, defend their lands, and even question the arguments that legalized the new property regime Spaniards sought to establish, such as those about vacant land, also known as royal land. Some temporary alliances between pueblosand factions of colonizers cushioned some undesired effects of cattle ranching. Although ephemeral, these victories allowed pueblosto adapt to and subsequently venture into this economic activity.
This article shows how European cattle breeding made its way into the Valley of Oaxaca and the early conflicts this new productive activity triggered, both because of the damage caused by the animals and the new ways of legitimizing land tenure. By analyzing trials, lawsuits, letters of sale, royal grants, and other early sources, it shows some of the mechanisms Spaniards used to appropriate land. It also shows the native population's strategies to safeguard their persons and goods, defend their lands, and even question the arguments that legalized the new property regime Spaniards sought to establish, such as those about vacant land, also known as royal land. Some temporary alliances between pueblosand factions of colonizers cushioned some undesired effects of cattle ranching. Although ephemeral, these victories allowed pueblosto adapt to and subsequently venture into this economic activity.
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Americanía: revista de estudios latinoamericanos de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla, ISSN-e 2174-0178, Nº. 19, 2024, págs. 1-35




