Aplicación de la inteligencia artificial a la prevención, detección e investigación de la ciberdelincuencia
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Romero Romero, María Luisa
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
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Este artículo analiza la afectación de la inteligencia artificial (en adelante, IA) en la ciberseguridad y en la ciberdelincuencia desde una perspectiva jurídico-penal. A partir del examen del Convenio de Budapest, del Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (en adelante, RGPD), del Reglamento de Inteligencia Artificial de la Unión Europea (en adelante, AI Act), del Código Penal (en adelante, CP) y de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Criminal (en adelante, LECrim), se concluye que la IA cumple una función ambivalente: refuerza tanto las capacidades ofensivas como las defensivas. Su incorporación exige, no obstante, un marco garantista basado en la proporcionalidad, la supervisión humana, la trazabilidad, la auditabilidad y el control judicial, especialmente por su impacto sobre colectivos vulnerables y sobre la confianza en la información digital.
This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence (hereinafter, AI) on cybersecurity and cybercrime from a criminal-law perspective. Through the analysis of the Budapest Convention, the General Data Protection Regulation (hereinafter, GDPR), the Regulation on Artificial Intelligence of the European Union (hereinafter, AI Act), the Spanish Criminal Code (hereinafter, CC) and the Spanish Criminal Procedure Act (hereinafter, SCPA), it concludes that AI has a dual role, strengthening both offensive and defensive capacities. However, its use requires a guarantee-based framework grounded in proportionality, human oversight, traceability, auditability and judicial control, particularly in view of its impact on vulnerable groups and on trust in digital information.
This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence (hereinafter, AI) on cybersecurity and cybercrime from a criminal-law perspective. Through the analysis of the Budapest Convention, the General Data Protection Regulation (hereinafter, GDPR), the Regulation on Artificial Intelligence of the European Union (hereinafter, AI Act), the Spanish Criminal Code (hereinafter, CC) and the Spanish Criminal Procedure Act (hereinafter, SCPA), it concludes that AI has a dual role, strengthening both offensive and defensive capacities. However, its use requires a guarantee-based framework grounded in proportionality, human oversight, traceability, auditability and judicial control, particularly in view of its impact on vulnerable groups and on trust in digital information.
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Cuadernos de RES PUBLICA en derecho y criminología, ISSN-e 2990-0697, Nº. 8, 2026
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International





