Publication: ¿Son estrictamente privadas las sociedades anónimas?
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Moreno Izquierdo, José Ángel
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
En el marco de un cuestionamiento teórico general del modelo dominante de gran empresa y del monopolio de su sistema de gobierno por los accionistas mayoritarios, el artículo destaca en primer lugar la naturaleza originalmente en buena parte pública de las empresas societarias precedentes de las actuales sociedades anónimas, sintetizando sus características básicas, que suponían privilegios sustanciales frente a las empresas normales y que respondían a los objetivos de interés general o público que justificaban su creación (y que constituían finalidades de obligado cumplimiento para el mantenimiento de los privilegios). Tras ello, y ante los problemas cada vez mayores que las grandes sociedades anónimas vienen generando —en buena medida, por esos privilegios, que posibilitan e impulsan una irresponsabilidad social estructural—, el artículo pone de relieve que un número creciente de expertos viene considerando que podría ser conveniente en nuestro tiempo recordar ese carácter de empresas excepcionalmente privilegiadas, recuperando en alguna medida un control público diferencial en su funcionamiento, de forma que se posibilitara una contribución más positiva al interés general (para lo que la filosofía de la responsabilidad social voluntaria resulta claramente fútil).
Within the framework of a general theoretical questioning of the dominant model of large company and the monopoly of its system of government by the majority shareholders, the article firstly highlights the originally largely public nature of corporate companies preceding the current public limited companies (joint-stock companies), synthesizing its basic characteristics, which implied substantial privileges compared to normal companies and which responded to the objectives of general or public interest that justified their creation (and which constituted obligatory purposes for the maintenance of the privileges). After that, and given the increasingly problems that large corporations have been generating —largely due to these privileges, which make possible and encourage structural social irresponsibility—, the article highlights that a growing number of experts have been considering that it could be convenient in our time remember this character of exceptionally privileged companies, recovering to some extent a differential public control in their operation, so as to enable a more positive contribution to the general interest (for which the philosophy of voluntary social responsibility is clearly futile).
Within the framework of a general theoretical questioning of the dominant model of large company and the monopoly of its system of government by the majority shareholders, the article firstly highlights the originally largely public nature of corporate companies preceding the current public limited companies (joint-stock companies), synthesizing its basic characteristics, which implied substantial privileges compared to normal companies and which responded to the objectives of general or public interest that justified their creation (and which constituted obligatory purposes for the maintenance of the privileges). After that, and given the increasingly problems that large corporations have been generating —largely due to these privileges, which make possible and encourage structural social irresponsibility—, the article highlights that a growing number of experts have been considering that it could be convenient in our time remember this character of exceptionally privileged companies, recovering to some extent a differential public control in their operation, so as to enable a more positive contribution to the general interest (for which the philosophy of voluntary social responsibility is clearly futile).
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REC Revista de economía crítica, ISSN-e 2013-5254, ISSN 1696-0866, Nº. 38, 2024, págs. 12-21




