Publication: Evaluación del efecto de agrupamiento fiscal en España: un análisis empírico del “Cheque Zapatero” (2010-2014)
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Torres Remírez, José
Ramírez Franco, Luz
Sánchez Andrés, Antonio
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Este estudio evalúa el efecto del “Cheque Zapatero”, una deducción fiscal implementada en España entre 2008 y 2014, sobre el comportamiento de los contribuyentes. En particular, se analiza si la deducción incentivó un fenómeno de agrupamiento o “bunching”. Utilizando los datos del Panel de Declarantes del IRPF para el período 2010-2014, este artículo aplica dos metodologías: el enfoque de Chapman y Leigh (2009) y una modificación del modelo de Saez (2010). Los resultados obtenidos indican que no se observan patrones significativos de agrupamiento en los puntos de inflexión del sistema tributario asociados a la deducción. El análisis revela que el “Cheque Zapatero” no alteró sustancialmente el comportamiento de los contribuyentes. Este trabajo contribuye a la literatura al aplicar una metodología poco explorada en el contexto español y sugiere que las medidas fiscales progresivas dirigidas a las rentas del trabajo no necesariamente provocan conductas estratégicas de declaración de ingresos
This study evaluates the effect of the “Cheque Zapatero”, a tax deduction implemented in Spain between 2008 and 2014, on taxpayers’ behavior. In particular, it analyzes whether the deduction encouraged a “bunching” phenomenon. Using data from the Personal Income Tax Returners Panel for the period 2010-2014, this article applies two methodologies: the Chapman and Leigh (2009) approach and a modification of the Saez (2010) model. The results obtained indicate that no significant clustering patterns are observed at the inflection points of the tax system associated with the deduction. The analysis reveals that the “Cheque Zapatero” did not substantially alter taxpayers’ behavior. This work contributes to the literature by applying a methodology that has been little explored in the Spanish context and suggests that progressive tax measures targeting labor income do not necessarily lead to strategic income reporting behaviors
This study evaluates the effect of the “Cheque Zapatero”, a tax deduction implemented in Spain between 2008 and 2014, on taxpayers’ behavior. In particular, it analyzes whether the deduction encouraged a “bunching” phenomenon. Using data from the Personal Income Tax Returners Panel for the period 2010-2014, this article applies two methodologies: the Chapman and Leigh (2009) approach and a modification of the Saez (2010) model. The results obtained indicate that no significant clustering patterns are observed at the inflection points of the tax system associated with the deduction. The analysis reveals that the “Cheque Zapatero” did not substantially alter taxpayers’ behavior. This work contributes to the literature by applying a methodology that has been little explored in the Spanish context and suggests that progressive tax measures targeting labor income do not necessarily lead to strategic income reporting behaviors
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
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Revista de métodos cuantitativos para la economía y la empresa, ISSN-e 1886-516X, Vol. 41, 2026, págs. 1-23




