Publication: Trasplantar, trazar y explorar: los discursos naturalistas sobre Centroamérica durante los siglos XVIII y XIX
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Ramírez Porras, Raquel
Hidalgo Grajales, María Fernanda
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Se examinan algunos textos expedicionarios que incluyeron a Centroamérica, producidos a través de los diversos canales científicos durante los siglos XVIII y XIX. Para ello, el estudio abarca un corpus de literatura expedicionaria botánica, geográfica y antropológica, y explora cómo funcionaron no solo para la exploración territorial, sino también como mecanismos de representación. Mediante un enfoque ecocrítico se identifica que dichas empresas científicas respondieron a intereses político-económicos de las élites, orientados al control territorial y a la explotación de los recursos naturales bajo un pensamiento utilitario. Los resultados muestran que el discurso científico empleado no se limitó únicamente a documentar la naturaleza, sino que también legitimó jerarquías raciales que marginaron los saberes alternativos. Se concluye que la literatura expedicionaria contribuyó decisivamente a la construcción de imaginarios nacionales y de una identidad centroamericana caracterizada por la violencia, el mestizaje y la percepción extranjera del istmo como un espacio de explotación comercial.
This paper examines selected expeditionary texts that included Central America and were produced through various scientific channels during the 18th and 19th centuries. The study analyzes a corpus of botanical, geographical, and anthropological expeditionary literature, exploring how these expeditions functioned not only as territorial exploration but also as mechanisms of representation. Through an ecocritical approach, it identifies that such scientific enterprises responded to the political and economic interests of elites, oriented toward territorial control and the exploitation of natural resources under utilitarian thought. The results show that the scientific discourse employed was not limited to documenting nature but also legitimized racial hierarchies that marginalized alternative knowledge systems. It is concluded that expeditionary literature contributed decisively to the construction of national imaginaries and a Central American identity characterized by violence, mestizaje, and the foreign perception of the isthmus as a space of commercial exploitation.
This paper examines selected expeditionary texts that included Central America and were produced through various scientific channels during the 18th and 19th centuries. The study analyzes a corpus of botanical, geographical, and anthropological expeditionary literature, exploring how these expeditions functioned not only as territorial exploration but also as mechanisms of representation. Through an ecocritical approach, it identifies that such scientific enterprises responded to the political and economic interests of elites, oriented toward territorial control and the exploitation of natural resources under utilitarian thought. The results show that the scientific discourse employed was not limited to documenting nature but also legitimized racial hierarchies that marginalized alternative knowledge systems. It is concluded that expeditionary literature contributed decisively to the construction of national imaginaries and a Central American identity characterized by violence, mestizaje, and the foreign perception of the isthmus as a space of commercial exploitation.
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Americanía: revista de estudios latinoamericanos de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla, ISSN-e 2174-0178, Nº. 24, 2026, págs. 1-29




