Publication: Colapso institucional y abandono moral del sistema de protección de la niñez en Venezuela (2015-2025): una regresión estructural de derechos sociales
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Guevara Riera, María Fernanda
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Este artículo examina la vulneración sistemática de los derechos fundamentales de
niños, niñas y adolescentes en Venezuela, en el marco de un colapso institucional
prolongado y una crisis humanitaria profunda, agravada por la inoperancia
deliberada del Estado bajo el régimen de Nicolás Maduro. Desde una perspectiva
jurídica y filosófica, se analizan las omisiones estatales en el cumplimiento de los
derechos a la alimentación, la salud, la educación y la protección familiar,
configurando dichas fallas no como disfunciones puntuales, sino como
manifestaciones de violencia estructural y regresividad normativa. El estudio, de
carácter cualitativo y documental, se apoya en informes de organismos
internacionales, fuentes normativas y datos empíricos provenientes del campo médico, periodístico, humanitario y legal. A través de categorías como justicia
distributiva, reconocimiento y responsabilidad pública, se interpreta el impacto
diferenciado de esta crisis sobre la infancia, en tanto sujeto de especial protección.
Se concluye que el Estado venezolano ha incumplido de forma estructural sus
deberes de garantía, protección y no discriminación, incurriendo en responsabilidad
internacional. Finalmente, se proponen líneas de acción orientadas a mecanismos
de exigibilidad internacional y a una política integral de reparación centrada en los
derechos de la infancia.
This article examines the systematic violation of the fundamental rights of children and adolescents in Venezuela, in the context of a prolonged institutional collapse and a profound humanitarian crisis, aggravated by the deliberate inoperativeness of the State under the regime of Nicolás Maduro. From a legal and philosophical perspective, it analyzes state omissions in the fulfillment of the rights to food, health, education and family protection, configuring these failures not as punctual dysfunctions, but as manifestations of structural violence and normative regressivity. The study, qualitative and documentary in nature, is based on reports from international organizations, normative sources and empirical data from the medical, journalistic, humanitarian and legal fields. The differentiated impact of this crisis on children, as subjects of special protection, is interpreted through categories such as distributive justice, recognition and public responsibility. It is concluded that the Venezuelan State has structurally failed to comply with its duties of upholding rights, protection and non-discrimination, incurring in international responsibility. Finally, it proposes lines of action oriented towards mechanisms of international enforceability and a comprehensive reparation policy focused on children's rights.
This article examines the systematic violation of the fundamental rights of children and adolescents in Venezuela, in the context of a prolonged institutional collapse and a profound humanitarian crisis, aggravated by the deliberate inoperativeness of the State under the regime of Nicolás Maduro. From a legal and philosophical perspective, it analyzes state omissions in the fulfillment of the rights to food, health, education and family protection, configuring these failures not as punctual dysfunctions, but as manifestations of structural violence and normative regressivity. The study, qualitative and documentary in nature, is based on reports from international organizations, normative sources and empirical data from the medical, journalistic, humanitarian and legal fields. The differentiated impact of this crisis on children, as subjects of special protection, is interpreted through categories such as distributive justice, recognition and public responsibility. It is concluded that the Venezuelan State has structurally failed to comply with its duties of upholding rights, protection and non-discrimination, incurring in international responsibility. Finally, it proposes lines of action oriented towards mechanisms of international enforceability and a comprehensive reparation policy focused on children's rights.
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Lex Social, Revista De Derechos Sociales, 15 (2), 1–79




