Publication: Las Epistemologías feministas: Perspectivas críticas en la investigación sobre la prostitución y/o trabajo sexual
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Espinoza Ibacache, Jacqueline
Íñiguez Rueda, Lupicinio
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
El artículo propone explorar el campo de estudios sobre prostitución/trabajo sexual en el contexto chileno desde las epistemologías feministas, reivindicando el privilegio epistémico de estas trabajadoras y situando sus vidas en el centro de la indagación. Metodológicamente, se plantea una deriva de inspiración genealógica para rastrear hitos, tensiones y transformaciones, y se organiza en tres momentos: (1) respuestas feministas sobre ciencia, (2) discurso masculino en ciencias y debates feministas sobre prostitución/trabajo sexual, y (3) incorporación de textos producidos por trabajadoras sexuales. Los resultados exponen que los saberes médico-higienistas fueron producidos desde posiciones dominantes (masculinas, burguesas, europeas) y que, en nombre de la objetividad, reprodujeron desigualdades de género, clase y raza. Se subraya la necesidad de reconocer el carácter situado del conocimiento de las trabajadoras sexuales como punto de partida válido para la investigación. El artículo concluye que la academia requiere descentrar la mirada experta y reconfigurar la autoridad epistémica. Al articular una lectura genealógica con las epistemologías feministas, se abren vías concretas para una investigación ética, situada y coproducida, capaz de disputar las categorías heredadas, desestigmatizar experiencias y orientar políticas públicas y prácticas académicas más justas e inclusivas.
The article proposes to explore the field of studies on prostitution/sex work in the Chilean context from feminist epistemologies, vindicating the epistemic privilege of these workers and placing their lives at the center of the inquiry. Methodologically, it proposes a genealogical approach to trace milestones, tensions, and transformations, organized into three moments: (1) feminist responses to science, (2) male discourse in science and feminist debates on prostitution/sex work, and (3) incorporation of texts produced by sex workers. The results show that medical-hygienist knowledge was produced from dominant positions (male, bourgeois, European) and that, in the name of objectivity, it reproduced gender, class, and race inequalities. The article emphasizes the need to recognize the situated nature of sex workers' knowledge as a valid starting point for research. The article concludes that academia needs to decentrate the expert gaze and reconfigure epistemic authority. By articulating a genealogical reading with feminist epistemologies, concrete avenues are opened for ethical, situated, and co-produced research capable of challenging inherited categories, destigmatizing experiences, and guiding more just and inclusive public policies and academic practices.
The article proposes to explore the field of studies on prostitution/sex work in the Chilean context from feminist epistemologies, vindicating the epistemic privilege of these workers and placing their lives at the center of the inquiry. Methodologically, it proposes a genealogical approach to trace milestones, tensions, and transformations, organized into three moments: (1) feminist responses to science, (2) male discourse in science and feminist debates on prostitution/sex work, and (3) incorporation of texts produced by sex workers. The results show that medical-hygienist knowledge was produced from dominant positions (male, bourgeois, European) and that, in the name of objectivity, it reproduced gender, class, and race inequalities. The article emphasizes the need to recognize the situated nature of sex workers' knowledge as a valid starting point for research. The article concludes that academia needs to decentrate the expert gaze and reconfigure epistemic authority. By articulating a genealogical reading with feminist epistemologies, concrete avenues are opened for ethical, situated, and co-produced research capable of challenging inherited categories, destigmatizing experiences, and guiding more just and inclusive public policies and academic practices.
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RELIES: Revista del Laboratorio Iberoamericano para el Estudio Sociohistórico de las Sexualidades, ISSN-e 2659-8620, Nº. 15, 2026




