Public–private networks for green innovation: insights from an energy sector supply-chain partnership

Abstract

This paper examines the structure, dynamics, and outcomes of an innovative, sustainable Research & Development (R&D) project within an energy supply network. Using data from the La Graciosa Project, industry experience, media sources, and interviews with key participants, the study highlights how private firms, R&D institutions, and public administrations can effectively collaborate in green innovation initiatives through public–private networks. Key findings emphasize (i) the need for alignment with external conditions, supported by trust and incentives; (ii) the importance of a shared vision to unify diverse objectives; (iii) the value of clear contracts defining stakeholder roles and the role of neutral mediators in resolving conflicts; (iv) the potential for all partners to gain from collaborative efforts, even with varying benefits; (v) the importance of innovative thinking to advance sustainability goals; and (vi) the inclusion consumer, societal and natural well-being. These insights provide practical guidance for managers to navigate changes in energy supply chains, including shifts in traditional producer–consumer relationships.