Ciberdelitos e inteligencia artificial. Desafíos en el ámbito jurídico-penal
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Sanfrutos Ruiz, Celia
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
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Este artículo analiza el impacto de la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito jurídico-penal, prestando especial atención a su incidencia en la configuración, comisión y persecución de los ciberdelitos, así como a los problemas de atribución de responsabilidad derivados de la creciente autonomía de los sistemas inteligentes. Tras una aproximación a la evolución, conceptualización y tipología de la inteligencia artificial, el estudio analiza el marco normativo europeo, con particular referencia al Reglamento (UE) 2024/1689, y el debate doctrinal sobre la posible consideración de estos sistemas como instrumentos del delito o, hipotéticamente, como sujetos responsables. Asimismo, se abordan las principales manifestaciones delictivas vinculadas a su utilización, las dificultades probatorias asociadas y los límites que el respeto a los derechos fundamentales, los sesgos algoritmos y la perspectiva de género imponen a la respuesta jurídico-penal.
This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence in the legal-criminal field, paying special attention to its impact on the configuration, commission and prosecution of cybercrimes, as well as the problems of attribution of responsibility arising from the growing autonomy of intelligent systems. After an overview of the evolution, conceptualisation and typology of artificial intelligence, the study analyses the European regulatory framework, with particular reference to Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, and the doctrinal debate on the possible consideration of these systems as instruments of crime or, hypothetically, as responsible subjects. It also addresses the main criminal manifestations linked to their use, the associated evidentiary difficulties and the limits that respect for fundamental rights, algorithmic biases and the gender perspective impose on the legal-criminal response.
This article examines the impact of artificial intelligence in the legal-criminal field, paying special attention to its impact on the configuration, commission and prosecution of cybercrimes, as well as the problems of attribution of responsibility arising from the growing autonomy of intelligent systems. After an overview of the evolution, conceptualisation and typology of artificial intelligence, the study analyses the European regulatory framework, with particular reference to Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, and the doctrinal debate on the possible consideration of these systems as instruments of crime or, hypothetically, as responsible subjects. It also addresses the main criminal manifestations linked to their use, the associated evidentiary difficulties and the limits that respect for fundamental rights, algorithmic biases and the gender perspective impose on the legal-criminal response.
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Cuadernos de RES PUBLICA en derecho y criminología, ISSN-e 2990-0697, Nº. 8, 2026
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International





