Publication: Impacto del impuesto de renta en el costo promedio ponderado del capital en el sector agropecuario colombiano: 2018-2022
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Caicedo Carrero, Andrés
Isaac Roque, Daniel
Cortés Cortés, Jorge Alexander
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Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Abstract
Existe la creencia de que el impuesto de renta eleva el costo de capital. Al elevarse, se vuelven inviables los proyectos de inversión en el sector real, disminuye el valor de las compañías, dificulta el acceso a las fuentes de financiación y entorpece la gestión financiera de las empresas. En esta investigación se revisa la interacción entre el impuesto de renta, el riesgo sistemático y el costo de capital en el sector agropecuario colombiano entre los años 2018 y 2022. Se explora cómo la carga fiscal influye en las decisiones de inversión, a través del costo del capital (WACC). La hipótesis central de los expertos en tributación sugiere que el impuesto de renta impacta de manera directa en el costo de capital: tasas más altas implicarían un mayor costo de capital y viceversa, en teoría. A través de un análisis estadístico se valida si esta relación es cierta, llegando a la conclusión de que no es así. Lo que sí es importante, y que afecta al costo de capital a través de la percepción del riesgo, es la inexistencia de políticas tributarias claras, también efectivas, que promuevan el crecimiento económico y la estabilidad financiera de las empresas. Este estudio contribuye a comprender mejor las dinámicas fiscales y su efecto en el sector agropecuario colombiano, ofreciendo una visión crítica sobre las reformas tributarias y su impacto en las decisiones de inversión y financiación.
There is a belief that income tax raises the cost of capital. As it rises, it makes investment projects in the real sector unviable, decreases the value of companies, hinders access to sources of finance and hinders the financial management of firms. This research reviews the interaction between income tax, systematic risk and the cost of capital in the Colombian agricultural sector between 2018 and 2022. It explores how the tax burden influences investment decisions, through the cost of capital (WACC). The central hypothesis of tax experts suggests that income tax has a direct impact on the cost of capital: higher rates would imply a higher cost of capital and vice versa, in theory. Statistical analysis validates whether this relationship is true and concludes that it is not. What is important, and which affects the cost of capital through the perception of risk, is the lack of clear and effective tax policies that promote economic growth and the financial stability of companies. This study contributes to a better understanding of fiscal dynamics and their effect on the Colombian agricultural sector, offering a critical view of tax reforms and their impact on investment and financing decisions.
There is a belief that income tax raises the cost of capital. As it rises, it makes investment projects in the real sector unviable, decreases the value of companies, hinders access to sources of finance and hinders the financial management of firms. This research reviews the interaction between income tax, systematic risk and the cost of capital in the Colombian agricultural sector between 2018 and 2022. It explores how the tax burden influences investment decisions, through the cost of capital (WACC). The central hypothesis of tax experts suggests that income tax has a direct impact on the cost of capital: higher rates would imply a higher cost of capital and vice versa, in theory. Statistical analysis validates whether this relationship is true and concludes that it is not. What is important, and which affects the cost of capital through the perception of risk, is the lack of clear and effective tax policies that promote economic growth and the financial stability of companies. This study contributes to a better understanding of fiscal dynamics and their effect on the Colombian agricultural sector, offering a critical view of tax reforms and their impact on investment and financing decisions.
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Revista de métodos cuantitativos para la economía y la empresa, ISSN-e 1886-516X, Vol. 40, 2025, págs. 1-24




